High strength hot dip galvanised steel strip

ABSTRACT

A high strength hot dip galvanized steel strip including, in mass percent, of the following elements: 0.10-0.18% C, 1.90-2.50% Mn, 0.30-0.50% Si, 0.50-0.70% Al, 0.10-0.50% Cr, 0.001-0.10% P, 0.01-0.05% Nb, max 0.004% Ca, max 0.05% S, max 0.007% N, and optionally at least one of the following elements: 0.005-0.50% Ti, 0.005-0.50% V, 0.005-0.50% Mo, 0.005-0.50% Ni, 0.005-0.50% Cu, max 0.005% B, the balance Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein 0.80%&lt;Al+Si&lt;1.05% and Mn+Cr&gt;2.10%. This steel offers improved formability at a high strength, has a good weldability and surface quality together with a good produce-ability and coat-ability.

The invention relates to a high strength hot dip galvanised steel striphaving improved formability, such as used in the automotive industry.

Such steel types are known and have been developed under the name ofdual phase steel types. Such steel types do not provide the requiredformability as required in many applications for the automotiveindustry. For this reason, TRIP assisted dual phase steel types havebeen developed.

A document describing such steel types is EP 1 889 935 A1. This documentdescribes a high strength hot dip galvanised steel sheet containing (inmass percent)

0.05-0.3% C 0.08-3% Mn max 1.4% Si 0.1-2.5% Al 0.1-0.5% Cr 0.003-0.1% Pmax 0.07% S max 0.007% N

the balance being Fe and incidental impurities, and wherein Si+Al≧0.5%.Optionally a number of other elements can be present. Thirty-one steeltypes have been tested at laboratory scale, of which nineteen are deemedinventive compositions. These examples show that a wide range of theamounts of especially Si and Al are fulfilling the inventivenessrequirements according to EP 1 889 935 A1.

Formability, however, is not the only requirement for a TRIP assisteddual phase steel strip. The alloying elements should be low in amount tomake the cost of the steel as low as possible, it should be as easy aspossible to produce the steel strip and to coat it, the steel strip hasto have high strength, good weldability and should also exhibit a goodsurface quality. These requirements are especially important forindustrially produced TRIP assisted dual phase steel types, which haveto be formed into for instance automotive parts that will be spot weldedinto a body in white.

It is thus an object of the invention to find a composition of a highstrength hot dip galvanised steel strip that strikes a balance betweenthe formability and the processability of the strip.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a high strength hotdip galvanised steel strip that has a good coatability during the hotdip galvanising process.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a high strengthhot dip galvanised steel strip that has a good weldability.

It is another object of the invention to provide a high strength hot dipgalvanised steel strip that has a good surface quality.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a high strengthhot dip galvanised steel strip having a cost price that is as low aspossible.

One or more of these objects are met according to the invention byproviding a high strength hot dip galvanised steel strip consisting, inmass percent, of the following elements:

0.10-0.18% C

1.90-2.50 Mn

0.30-0.50% Si

0.50-0.70% Al

0.10-0.50% Cr

0.001-0.10% P

0.01-0.05 Nb

max 0.004% Ca

max 0.05% S

max 0.007% N

and optionally at least one of the following elements:

0.005-0.50% Ti

0.005-0.50% V

0.005-0.50% Mo

0.005-0.50 Ni

0.005-0.50% Cu

max 0.005% B

the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities,

wherein 0.80%<Al+Si<1.05% and Mn+Cr>2.10%.

The inventors have found that by a careful selection of the amounts ofthe main constituting elements of the steel, being carbon, manganese,silicon, aluminium and chromium, a high strength hot dip galvanisedsteel strip can be produced that has the required formability,processability, strength and elongation, while at the same timeproviding a sufficient weldability, coatability and surface quality. Ithas been found by the inventors that none of the examples given in thestate of the art provide all these requirements at the same time.

The composition of the steel strip according to the invention is suchthat the formability of the steel is good and no necking occurs, andthat the edge ductility of pressed parts is such that no crackingoccurs.

The reason for the amounts of the main constituting elements is asfollows.

C: 0.10-0.18 mass %. Carbon has to be present in an amount that is highenough to ensure hardenability and the formation of martensite at thecooling rates available in a conventional annealing/galvanising line.Martensite is required to deliver adequate strength. Free carbon alsoenables stabilisation of austenite which delivers improved workhardening potential and good formability for the resulting strengthlevel. A lower limit of 0.10 mass % is needed for these reasons. Amaximum level of 0.18 mass % has been found to be essential to ensuregood weldability.

Mn: 1.90-2.50 mass %. Manganese is added to increase hardenability thusmaking the formation of martensite easier within the cooling ratecapability of a conventional continuous annealing/galvanising line.Manganese also contributes to the solid solution strengthening whichincreases the tensile strength and strengthens the ferrite phase, thushelping to stabilise retained austenite. Manganese lowers thetransformation temperature range of the dual phase steel, thus loweringthe required annealing temperature to levels that can be readilyattained in a conventional continuous annealing/galvanising line. Alower limit of 1.90 mass % is needed for the above reasons. A maximumlevel of 2.50 mass % is imposed to ensure acceptable rolling forces inthe hot mill and to ensure acceptable rolling forces in the cold mill byensuring sufficient transformation of the dual phase steel to softtransformation products (ferrite and pearlite). This maximum level isalso given in view of the stronger segregation during casting and theforming of a band of martensite in the strip at higher values.

Si: 0.30-0.50 mass %. Silicon provides solid solution strengthening thusenabling the attainment of high strength, and the stabilisation ofaustenite via strengthening of the ferrite matrix. Silicon veryeffectively retards the formation of carbides during overaging, thuskeeping carbon in solution for stabilisation of austenite. For thesereasons a lower limit of 0.30 mass % is needed. A maximum level of 0.50mass % is imposed in view of the coatability of the steel strip, sincehigh levels of silicon lead to unacceptable coating quality due toreduced adherence.

Al: 0.50-0.70 mass %. Aluminium is added to liquid steel for the purposeof de-oxidation. In the right quantity it also provides an accelerationof the bainite transformation, thus enabling bainite formation withinthe time constraints imposed by the annealing section of a conventionalcontinuous annealing/galvanising line. Aluminium also retards theformation of carbides thus keeping carbon in solution thus causingpartitioning to austenite during overaging, and promoting thestabilisation of austenite. A lower level of 0.50 mass % is required forthe above reasons. A maximum level of 0.70 mass % is imposed forcastability, since high aluminium contents lead to poisoning of thecasting mould slag and consequently an increase in mould slag viscosity,leading to incorrect heat transfer and lubrication during casting.

Cr: 0.10-0.50 mass %. Chrome is added to increase hardenability. Chromeforms ferrite and suppresses the formation of carbides, thus enhancingthe forming of retained austenite. A lower level of 0.10 mass % isrequired for the above reasons. A maximum level of 0.5 mass % is imposedto ensure satisfactory pickling of the steel strip, and to keep the costof the strip sufficiently low.

Ca: max 0.004 mass %. The addition of calcium modifies the morphology ofmanganese sulphide inclusions. When calcium is added the inclusions geta globular rather than an elongated shape. Elongated inclusions, alsocalled stringers, may act as planes of weakness along which lamellartearing and delamination fracture can occur. The avoidance of stringersis beneficial for forming processes of steel sheets which entail theexpansion of holes or the stretching of flanges and promotes isotropicforming behaviour. Calcium treatment also prevents the formation ofhard, angular, abrasive alumina inclusions in aluminium deoxidised steeltypes, forming instead calcium aluminate inclusions which are softer andglobular at rolling temperatures, thereby improving the material'sprocessing characteristics. In continuous casting machines, someinclusions occurring in molten steel have a tendency to block thenozzle, resulting in lost output and increased costs. Calcium treatmentreduces the propensity for blockage by promoting the formation of lowmelting point species which will not clog the caster nozzles.

P: 0.001-0.10 mass %. Phosphorus interferes with the formation ofcarbides, and therefore some phosphorus in the steel is advantageous.However, phosphorus can make steel brittle upon welding, so the amountof phosphorus should be carefully controlled, especially in combinationwith other embrittling elements such as sulphur and nitrogen.

Sulphur and nitrogen are present in low amounts because these elementsare detrimental for weldability.

Niobium is added in an amount between 0.01 and 0.05 mass % for grainrefinement and formability. Niobium promotes transformation on therunout table and thus provides a softer and more homogeneousintermediate product. Niobium further suppresses formation of martensiteat isothermal overaging temperatures, thereby promoting stabilisation ofretained austenite.

The optional elements are mainly added to strengthen the steel.

In addition the reasons given above, the ranges for aluminium, chromiumand manganese are chosen such that a correct balance is found to delivercomplete transformation on the runout table to ensure a steel strip thatcan be cold rolled, and to provide a starting structure enabling rapiddissolution of carbon in the annealing line to promote hardenability andcorrect ferritic/bainitic transformation behaviour. Moreover, becausealuminium accelerates and chromium decelerates the bainitictransformation, the right balance between aluminium and chromium has tobe present to produce the right quantity of bainite within thetimescales permitted by a conventional hot dip galvanising line with arestricted overage section.

Apart from the absolute contents of the elements as given above, alsothe relative amounts of certain elements are of importance.

Aluminium and silicon together should be maintained between 0.8 and 1.05mass % to ensure suppression of carbides in the end product andstabilisation of a sufficient amount of austenite, with the correctcomposition, to provide a desirable extension of formability.

Manganese and chromium together should be above 2.10 mass % to ensuresufficient hardenability for formation of martensite and thusachievement of strength in a conventional continuous annealing line andhot dip galvanising line.

Preferably element C is present in an amount of 0.13-0.16%. In thisrange the hardenability of the steel is optimal while the weldability ofthe steel is enhanced.

According to a preferred embodiment element Mn is present in an amountof 1.95-2.40%, preferably in an amount of 1.95-2.30%, more preferably inan amount of 2.00-2.20%. A higher amount of manganese provides steelwith a higher strength, so it is advantageous to raise the lower limitto 1.95 or even 2.00 mass % manganese. On the other hand, hot rollingand cold rolling of the steel is more difficult for higher amounts ofmanganese, so it is advantageous to lower the upper limit to 2.40, 2.30or even 2.20 mass % manganese.

Preferably element Si is present in an amount of 0.35-0.45%. A higheramount of silicon instead of 0.30% ensures a better retardation ofcarbides during overaging, which is advantageous for the formability ofthe steel. A lower amount of silicon then 0.50% improves the coatabilityof the steel strip.

According to a preferred embodiment element Al is present in an amountof 0.55-0.65%. A raised lower level of aluminium has the same effect asa higher amount of silicon, but also improves the bainite formation. Alower upper limit of aluminium improves the castability of the steel.

Preferably element Cr is present in an amount of 0.20-0.50%, morepreferably in an amount of 0.30-0.50%. A raised lower level increasesthe hardenability of the steel.

According to a preferred embodiment element Nb is present in an amountof 0.01-0.04%. As elucidated above, niobium improves the homogeneity ofthe intermediate product. The upper limit is mainly in consideration ofthe cost of niobium.

Preferably the steel has an ultimate tensile strength of 780 MPa. Thisstrength can, due to the careful selection of the amounts of theelements present in the steel, be reached while the formability of aconventional 600 MPa dual phase steel is maintained.

According to a preferred embodiment the steel has a microstructureconsisting of 55-75 volume % ferrite, 20-10 volume % bainite, 20-10volume % martensite and 10-5 volume % metastable retained austenite.

According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a methodfor producing a high strength hot dip galvanised steel strip as definedabove, wherein the cast steel is hot rolled and cold rolled to a striphaving a desired thickness, after which the strip is reheated in anannealing line to a temperature between the Ac1 and the Ac3 temperatureof the steel type and fast cooled at a cooling rate such as to avoidretransformation to ferrite, after which isothermal overaging is appliedto form bainite, and the strip is hot dip galvanised.

In this method, the deformation schedule during hot rolling, the finishrolling temperature and the subsequent cooling pattern on a run-outtable can be selected to achieve a microstructure in the hot rolledproduct which is conducive to further reduction of thickness in the coldmill. In particular attention can be paid to limiting the strength ofthe hot rolled strip so as to minimise the required cold rolling loads.The temperature in the annealing line can be chosen such that the steelstrip comprises both ferrite and austenite. The cooling rate should besuch that in principle no ferrite is formed, and the isothermaloveraging is applied to promote the formation of bainite. Hot dipgalvanising can be performed in the usual manner. During this method thetemperature and duration of most steps is critical for the realisationof the desired balance between strength and ductility in the finalproduct.

As known to the skilled person, the iron-carbon eutectoid system has anumber of critical transformation temperatures as defined below. Thesetemperatures are dependent on chemistry and processing conditions:

A1—temperature below which the microstructure is composed of a mixtureof ferrite (alpha-Fe) and Fe3C/pearlite;A2—Curie temperature: temperature above which the material ceases to bemagnetic;A3—temperature above which the microstructure is entirely composed ofaustenite.The suffixes c and r denote transformations in the heating and coolingcycle respectively.

The invention will be elucidated hereinafter; a number of compositionswill be evaluated with regard to some well-known formability parametersthat are elucidated first.

n-value: The work hardening coefficient or n-value is closely related touniform elongation. In most sheet forming processes the limit offormability is determined by the resistance to local thinning or“necking”. In uniaxial tensile testing necking commences at the extentof uniform elongation. n-value and uniform elongation derived from thetensile test can be taken as a measure of the formability of sheetsteels. When aiming to improve formability of strip steels n-value anduniform elongation represent the most suitable optimisation parameters.

Hole expansion coefficient (HEC): To be successfully applied inindustrial stamping operations, sheet metals must have a certain abilityto withstand stretching of their sheared edges. This is tested inaccordance with the international technical specification ISO/TS16630. Ahole having a diameter of 10 mm is made in the centre of a test piecehaving the dimensions 90×90 mm. A cone punch of 40 mm diameter with a60° apex is forced into the hole while the piece is fixed with a diehaving an inner diameter of 55 mm. The diameter of the hole is measuredwhen a crack had extended through the thickness of the test piece. Themaximum HEC was determined by: Max HEC %=((Dh−Do)/Do)×100, wherein Do isthe original hole diameter and Dh is the diameter of the hole aftercracking. Stretch flangeability is evaluated on the basis of the maximumHEC and is deemed satisfactory when HEC>25%

Erichsen Index (EI): The Erichsen test describes the ability of metalsto undergo plastic deformation in stretch forming and is tested inaccordance with the international standard test ISO 20482:2003. Ahemispherical punch is driven into a fully clamped sheet. As lubricationgraphite grease is used on top of the punch. The punch travel is stoppedwhen a through thickness crack is detected. Due to friction the fractureis not on top of the punch but to the side, so not in equi bi-axialstrain but more towards plane strain. The depth of the punch penetrationis measured. The value of the Erichsen cupping index (IE) is the averageof a minimum of three individual measurements, expressed in millimetresand for the present invention is deemed satisfactory when EI>10 mm.

Weldability: Resistance spot welding is the major joining technique usedin the automotive industry, with an average car containing around2000-3000 spot welds. Traditionally spot welds have always been a verycheap and reliable joint type, however since the introduction of AHSS,this reliability has been compromised. The weldability is measured bythe ability of the material to be spot-welded. Welding conditions weretaken from BS1140: 1993 which are standard for industry, although notnecessarily optimised for AHSS. Spot-welability is measured by thefailure mode of the resultant spot-weld (plug). When a material cannotbe welded then the plug will split along the interface between the twojoining surfaces. In a fully welded material the failure will be in theparent metal, outside of the plug and preferably also outside theheat-affected zone. This is known as full-plug failure, that is the fullplug is pulled out of the parent metal. Spot-weldability can beexpressed on the scale between full-interface failure and full-plugfailure with the former being deemed un-weldable.

One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a high strengthhot dip galvanised steel strip that has a formability in the range of a600 MPa AHSS hot dip galvanised steel strip, but having a strength levelof an 800 MPa AHSS steel strip, that is a strength level of 780 MPa orhigher. This is achieved by realising a suitable increase in the uniformelongation and n-value.

During the development of the high strength hot dip galvanised steelstrip according to the invention a number of coils of strip have beenproduced as indicated in Table 1 with the alloys with letters A to S.

TABLE 1 chemical composition (wt. %) Alloy C Mn Cr Si Al Nb P S Ca A0.150 1.72 0.61 0.30 0.99 0.021 0.012 0.002 — Comparative B 0.154 1.740.58 0.41 0.62 0.023 0.009 0.002 — Comparative C 0.142 1.82 0.54 0.380.51 0.020 0.010 0.002 0.002 Comparative D 0.147 1.90 0.49 0.42 0.610.025 0.012 0.002 0.002 Inventive E 0.157 1.91 0.58 0.48 0.97 0.0230.017 0.001 0.002 Comparative F 0.181 1.93 0.60 0.43 0.55 0.023 0.0140.003 0.002 Comparative G 0.155 1.94 0.58 0.42 1.00 0.023 0.016 0.0020.003 Comparative H 0.148 1.96 0.57 0.42 0.61 0.021 0.016 0.002 0.002Comparative J 0.151 1.96 0.40 0.42 0.61 0.023 0.010 0.002 0.002Inventive K 0.149 2.06 0.50 0.39 0.62 0.022 0.011 0.002 0.003 InventiveL 0.153 2.08 0.39 0.40 0.63 0.022 0.010 0.001 0.002 Inventive M 0.1232.26 0.55 0.24 — — — — — Comparative N 0.216 1.64 — 0.46 0.32 0.0010.032 0.005 — Comparative P 0.209 1.55 — 0.46 0.34 0.001 0.028 0.005 —Comparative R 0.230 1.65 — 0.46 0.44 0.001 0.092 0.004 — Comparative S0.148 2.70 0.40 0.40 0.60 0.025 0.014 0.006 — Comparative

In Table 1 the chemical composition or alloy is given for the steelstrips produced in accordance with the method of the invention. In thelast column of Table 1 is indicated whether the steel strip has achemical composition according to the invention or not. The alloys D, J,K and L have an inventive composition. In the instances where no valuehas been given for an element, no value could be measured.

In Table 2 for a number of the steel strips of which the composition hasbeen given in Table 1 above, relevant information on the respectivemechanical properties are given.

TABLE 2 typical annealing cycles and mechanical properties UTS Rp_(0.2)U. El T. El Alloy [MPa] [MPa] [%] [%] n-value A 745 480 14.4 20.2 0.16 B730 474 13.8 20.0 0.15 C 721 464 13.8 18.5 0.16 D 802 15.0 19.2 0.17 E885 512 12.5 17.0 0.13 F 792 451 13.7 17.9 0.16 G 845 473 12.3 16.0 0.14H 780 435 14.1 19.6 0.16 J 783 487 16.4 21.9 0.18 K 789 457 15.2 20.20.17 L 822 486 14.9 19.7 0.17 M 915 450 9.0 11.1 — N 712 438 18.4 24.20.18 P 772 471 16.9 21.6 0.19 R 784 470 16.9 21.2 0.21 UTS = ultimatetensile strength Rp_(0.2) = 0.2% proof stress U. El = uniform elongationT. El = total elongation

From Table 2 follows that for the strip compositions or alloys D, J, Kand L the annealing temperature and the overage temperature and time canbe chosen such in a conventional annealing line that a high strength isreached (UTS at or above 780 MPa). Also the 0.2% proof stress is above450 MPa for these alloys (not measured for alloy D), the uniformelongation is above 14% and the total elongation is above 19% Then-value is at least 0.17. Other alloys can reach the required UTS, butdo not have the required 0.2% proof stress, uniform elongation and/ortotal elongation. Only alloy R fulfils these criteria, but Table 3 showsthat this alloy is not weldable.

Table 3 shows that results of hole expansion coefficient tests, Erichsentests and welding tests on a number of samples from the coils asindicated in Table 1 and 2. The higher the hole expansion coefficientand Erichsen value, the better the formability of the strip is.

TABLE 3 formability and weldability Hole Expansion Erichsen Index AlloyCoëfficiënt [mm] Weldability A 18 10.4 + B 16 10.1 + C 29 9.7 ++ D 2910.0 + E 22 9.4 + F 20 9.4 − G 20 8.7 + H 20 9.3 + J 30 10.5 + K 2510.0 + L 25 10.1 + M 13 ++ N 19 10.3 −− P 18 9.7 −− R 16 8.8 −−− S −−Weldability key: −−− not possible to obtain spot-weld joint −−spot-weldable with mostly interface failure − spot-weldable with mostlypartial plug failure + spot-weldable with incidental partial plugfailure ++ spot-weldable with full plug failure

From Table 3 follows that the formability of steel strip D, J, K and Lis reasonably good in view of the hole expansion coefficient and theErichsen Index value, and that the weldability is also reasonably good.

The tables show that manganese is instrumental in achieving the desiredcombination of high strength and formability. Where the manganesecontent is lower than 1.9%, the desired tensile strength of 780 MPa isnot achieved as can be seen from examples A, B, C, N and P. The onlyexample where the strength is achieved with a manganese content below1.9% is example R. In order to compensate for the low manganese, thealloy has very high additions of carbon and phosphor, such that thealloy is no longer spot-weldable. The formability of this alloy is alsofar below that deemed satisfactory in view of the Hole ExpansionCoefficient and the Erichsen Index.

In examples E, F, G and H, the manganese content is within thespecification leading to high strength, but the combination of secondaryelements carbon (alloy F), chromium (alloys E, F, G and H) and aluminium(alloys E and G) lead respectively to poor spot-weldability, lowductility (as expressed by uniform elongation) and low formability (asexpressed by HEC and EI).

In the example with high chromium, low silicon and no aluminium (alloyM), it can be seen that the tensile strength becomes the dominantmechanical property with the ductility (uniform and total elongation)and formability (HEC) is considerably reduced in comparison to theinvention.

Finally, the spot-weldability of steels with a carbon content of morethan 0.18 (alloys F, N, P and R) is considerably reduced in proportionto the carbon content. Example F has a carbon content just above thedesired composition and, in combination with the high chromium content,leads to poor spot-weldability. This would appear to be a critical valuefor carbon content and it is not envisaged that an alloy containingconsiderably more carbon than 0.18% would be spot-weldable under normalcircumstances.

It follows that a careful selection of the alloying elements isnecessary in accordance with the invention, and that suitable processingsteps during the annealing and overaging steps is required to achievethe desired properties of the TRIP assisted dual phase steel.

The high strength hot dip galvanised steel strip according to theinvention has been used in a bumper beam for a vehicle. The steel stripto produce a bumper has to have sufficient ductility during the rollforming and stretch bending process, and enough residual ductility afterforming should remain to prevent fracture upon crash of a vehicle usingsuch a bumper, thereby maintaining the integrity of the crash structureof the front end of the vehicle. If the bumper beam would break, theintegrity of the crash structure would be lost, which would result in apoor crash energy absorption.

The steel strip with the composition of alloy K was used to form thebumper. The forming of the bumper was successful, and the bumper hasbeen welded on a backing plate without problem. A trial assembly of thebeam thus formed of the bumper made of the TRIP assisted dual phasesteel according to the invention and the backing plate of steel has beentested in a drop-weight test simulating a full frontal crash at 45 km/hwith a pole in the centre of the bumper. No fracture of the bumper wasseen. This is due to the superior ductility and formability of the TRIPassisted dual phase steel according to the invention, allowing forstretch forming of the component with sufficient post-forming ductilityto absorb the crash impact.

1. High strength hot dip galvanised steel strip consisting, in masspercent, of the following elements: 0.10-0.18% C 1.95-2.40% Mn0.30-0.50% Si 0.50-0.70% Al 0.10-0.50% Cr 0.001-0.10% p 0.01-0.05% Nbmax 0.004% Ca max 0.05% S max 0.007% N; and optionally at least one ofthe following elements: 0.005-0.50% Ti 0.005-0.50% V 0.005-0.50% Mo0.005-0.50% Ni 0.005-0.50% Cu max 0.005% B; the balance being Fe andinevitable impurities, wherein 0.80%<Al+Si<1.05% and Mn+Cr>2.10%. 2.Steel strip according to claim 1, wherein element C is present in anamount of 0.13-0.16%.
 3. Steel strip according to claim 1, whereinelement Mn is present in an amount of 1.95-2.30%.
 4. Steel stripaccording to claim 1, wherein element Si is present in an amount of0.35-0.45%.
 5. Steel strip according to claim 1, wherein element Al ispresent in an amount of 0.55-0.65%.
 6. Steel strip according to claim 1,wherein element Cr is present in an amount of 0.20-0.50%.
 7. Steel stripaccording to claim 1, wherein the element Nb is present in an amount of0.01-0.04%.
 8. Steel strip according to claim 1, wherein the hot dipgalvanised steel strip has an ultimate tensile strength of 780 MPa orhigher.
 9. Steel strip according to any claim 1, wherein the hot dipgalvanised steel strip has a microstructure consisting of 55-75 volume %ferrite, 20-10 volume % bainite, 20-10 volume % martensite and 10-5volume % metastable retained austenite.
 10. Method for producing a highstrength hot dip galvanised steel strip according to claim 1, whereinthe cast steel is hot rolled and cold rolled to a strip having a desiredthickness, after which the strip is reheated in an annealing line to atemperature between the Ac1 and the Ac3 temperature of the steel typeand fast cooled at a cooling rate to avoid retransformation to ferrite,after which isothermal averaging is applied to form bainite, and thestrip is hot dip galvanised.
 11. Steel strip according to claim 1,wherein element Mn is present in an amount of 2.00-2.20%.
 12. Steelstrip according to claim 1, wherein element Cr is present in an amountof 0.30-0.50%.